Peptides play a crucial role in modern scientific research. These short chains of amino acids serve as building blocks for proteins and perform countless biological functions—from signaling and ...

In living organisms, the cell membrane plays a crucial role. It’s not just a protective barrier—it also senses the environment, helps transport molecules, and allows cells to adapt and change. This ...

A growing body of work suggests that cell metabolism — the chemical reactions that provide energy and building materials — plays a vital, overlooked role in the first steps of life. Each of us starts ...

Major depressive disorder affects 16.1 million adults in the United States and costs $210 billion annually. While the primary symptoms of depression are psychological, scientists and doctors have come ...

The microbiome—the trillions of bacteria, viruses, and fungi that live quietly in our body—plays a crucial role in shaping human health by providing a variety of micronutrients necessary for vital ...

Newly published CU Boulder research reveals previously unknown qualities of a gene vital to a cell’s mitochondrial structure and function A key takeaway from first-year biology is that mitochondria ...